District Profile
Bahraich is situated in North eastern part of Devipatan Division. It is situated between the 28.24 & 27.4 latitude & 81.65 to 81.3 eastern longitude. According to ceusus of 1991 the area of distt. is 4696.8 sq km. which is 31.99% of the Devipatan Division. District Bahraich has a international border with Nepal on the Northern part. Distt. Barabanki & Sitapur are in South, Khiri in West and Gonda & Srawasti are in eastern side of the district Bahraich. Northern part of the district is Tarai region which is covered by the dense natural forest. Chakia, Sujauli, Nishangara, Mihinpurwa, Bichia & Baghauli are the main forest areas of the district. Sarju & Ghaghra are the major rivers of the district.
District Bahraich is connected with Railway & Road routes to the other parts of the Nation.
Climate :
Climate of the district is hot & humid. The maximum & minimum tempreture ranges between 44 C & 5 C. The average rainfall is 1125 mm.
Land Water :
Major part of land water is received from rivers & lakes. Sarju , Rapti , Ghaghra , Kaudiyala are the ever flowing rivers. Besides there are various lakes & ponds in the District.
Ground Water :
Ground Water is not a problem in the District. The level of ground Water is sufficiently high. Water is normally found at 60 to 70 feet. Therefore for all industrial & agricultural purpose water is always avilable with the help of tubewells & pumpsets.
Mineral Wealth :
Mineral Wealth of the District is almost negligible but the nature has abundantly provided with forest wealth which plays an important role in the economic development of the District.
Forest Wealth :
According to the records of board of revenue in year 1994 - 95 95040 Hec. of land of the District is covered by dense forest. Trees of teak , Shisham , & Khair etc are found here. Therefore " kattha" factories are situated in Mihinpurwa block of the District. Ideal wood for furniture abundance& buildings work is found here. Mango , Guava etc are the fruit trees found here in .
Major Farming System / Enterprise (Based on the analysis made by the KVK)
Agriculture :
- Paddy - Wheat / Lentil
- Paddy / Maize - Wheat / Lentil, paddy – lentil, paddy - wheat, maize - wheat, maize - lentil
- Paddy Maize / Pigeon Pea - Wheat / Lentil / Mustard
- Ground Nut - Lentil
- Sesamum - wheat
Agriculture + Animal Husbandry
- Dairy
- Dairy/Poultry or both
- Fishfarming + Dairy
Horticulture :
- Tomato / Pea / Cauliflower / Chilli / Brinjal / Onion +Ginger / Turmeric / Pointed gourd / Bitter gourd
- Banana - Wheat
- Mango + Turmeric
- Mango + Elephant Foot Yam
Agriculture + Horticulture
- Paddy / Maize + Pigeon pea-Wheat / Vegetable / Mustard
- Paddy – Wheat/ Lentil - Maize / Urd / Mentha
Description of Agro - Climatic Zone & major agro ecological situations (Based on Soil & Topography):
Agro - climatic Zone : Characteristics
4th North Agro-climatic Zone
Area : 5,21,903 Ha.
Tehsils :4: Kaisarganj, Mahsi, Nanpara and Bahraich Sadar
Blocks : 14-Kaisarganj, Mahsi, Balha, Risia, Huzoorpur, Nawabganj, Mihinpurwa, Payagpur, Visesharganj, Tejwapur, Fakarpur, Jarwal, Shivepur and Chittaura.
Climate: District’s annual rainfall is nearly to national average rainfall of 1200mm. District receives 1147 mm annual rainfall during the year. Temperature ranges 40 C in winter to 420 C in summer.
Soil : The soil of Bahraich is new, generally deep except few pockets in the tarai belt of Nepal border. In general, three types of soil exist. Sandy in the belt of Ghagra river. Sandy-loam in the middle, and Loam in few pockets. Soil is poorly managed and deficient in nutrients such as zinc. Sulphur and boron etc. It lacks in organic matter and generally has slightly higher PH value.
District Profile Data
Area : 5,21,903
Population : 20,90,843
Male : 11,35,543
female : 9,55,300
Ratio of Male to Female : 54 : 46
Population Density : 392 Person / Sqm Km
Rural Population : 19,00,479
Urban Populationn : 1,90,364
Literacy (Total) : 5,40,069
1. Male : 4,33,163
2. Female : 1,06,906
No. of Farmers : 6,64,124
Net Cultivated Area : 3,50,979
Net Irrigated Area : 63,677 Ha
Total Irrigated Area 67,131 Ha
Total Production (Cereal) 7,59,885 MT
No. of Villages : 1369
No. of Villages Covered by K.V.K. so far : 270
Soil Types
| S. N. | Soil Type | Characteristics | Area in ha |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tarai Sandy - Loam (Rain Fed) | High humidity and rainfall are prevalent. Rainfed crops are generally grown. Soil is deficient in many nutrients. | 120037 |
| 2 | Tarai Clay - Loam (Rain Fed) | The area under this situation is mainly rainfed. Farmers grow all types of crops in AES-1, but productivity is slightly higher. People rear Deshi breed of cows, buffaloes, goat, poultry and piggery. | 130475 |
| 3 | Plain Sandy - Loam (Rain Fed) | Soil is light textured. Crops are grown with limited resource condition. Major portion falls under Nawabganj between the Doab of Rapti and Ghaghra. | 123272 |
| 4 | Plain Sandy - Loam (Flood Prone) | Major area under this situation falls in blocks like Sheopur, Fakharpur, Kaiserganj, Jarwal & Mahasi along with the river belt of Ghaghra river. In the block of Fakharpur, Kaiserganj and Jarwal, most of the area is sensitive to flood and sometimes submerged two or three times in a season. Crops are damaged due to prolonged water logging. Farmer raised mixed crops of Paddy, Maize, Sunhemp, because these crops are highly risk prone, productivity is very low. There is vast potential for production of pointed gourd and Hybrid Tomato. | 44362 |
| 5 | Plain Sandy - Loam (Irrigated) | Major area of plain lies in block Chittaura, Mahasi, Tejwapur, Fakherpur & Kaiserganj. This is important area. Irrigation facilities are plenty. Almost all crops are grown but productivity is poor. Soil is deficient in micro nutrients. | 46971 |
| 6 | Plain - Loam (Rainfed) | This is mainly situated in Risia block. Area is needed introduction of rainfed improve crops. Soil is highly degraded. | 52686 |
Area, Production and Productivity of Major Crops Cultivated in the District
| S. N. | Crop | Area (ha) | Production (qtl) | Productivity (q/ha) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rice | 162685 | 307154 | 18.88 |
| 2 | Maize | 8844 | 100680 | 11.38 |
| 3 | Urd | 1229 | 810 | 6.59 |
| 4 | Moong | 46 | 20 | 4.35 |
| 5 | Pigeon Pea | 4369 | 3416 | 7.82 |
| 6 | Ground Nut | 2196 | 1587 | 7.23 |
| 7 | Sesamum | 450 | 87 | 1.93 |
| 8 | Wheat | 155331 | 374776 | 24.41 |
| 9 | Chick Pea | 260 | 235 | 9.05 |
| 10 | Lentil | 47832 | 31665 | 6.62 |
| 11 | Pea (Round) | 1558 | 1818 | 11.66 |
| 12 | Toria | 6932 | 6626 | 9.5 |
| 13 | Sugar cane | 855360 | 42830086 | 500.72 |
| 14 | Potato | 2135 | 47193 | 224.82 |
| 15 | Turmeric | 625 | 1077 | 36.77 |
Weather Data
| Month | Rainfall (mm) | Temperature (C) | Relative Humidity (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| April 2014 | 0.50 | Maximum : 76.38 Minimum : 10.70 |
10.433 |
| May 2014 | - | Maximum : 82.42 Minimum : 23.55 |
70.25 |
| June 2014 | 50.5 | Maximum : 36.84 Minimum : 27.17 |
81.2 |
| July 2014 | 198.15 | Maximum : 32.37 Minimum : 26.62 |
96.16 |
| August 2014 | 168.03 | Maximum : 4.75 Minimum : 20.53 |
80.16 |
| September 2014 | 102.9 | Maximum : - Minimum : - |
- |
| October 2014 | - | Maximum : 108.5 Minimum : 7.10 |
3.548 |
| - | Maximum : 29.30 Minimum : 13.15 |
100 | |
| December 2014 | 5.5 | Maximum : 168.13 Minimum : 8.84 |
93.55 |
| January 2015 | 3.25 | Maximum : 13.19 Minimum : 9.46 |
32.45 |
| February 2015 | 11.0 | Maximum : 33.98 Minimum : 12.08 |
13.25 |
| March 2015 | 28.0 | Maximum : 28.76 Minimum : 14.87 |
95.71 |
Production and Productivity of livestock, Poultry, Fisheries etc in the District
| Category | Population | Production | Productivity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cattle | |||
| Crossbred | 3185 | 19110 lit. | 6 lit/day |
| Indigenous | 468449 | 936898 lit. | 2 lit/day |
| Buffalo | 296972 | 55024 lit. | 4 lit/day |
| Sheep | 13756 | 2751.2 kg. | 0.2000 kg. |
| Crossbred | 1910 | 573.0 kg. | 0.3000 kg. |
| Indigenous | 11846 | 11.84 kg. | 1000 gm. |
| Goats | 438552 | 6578.78 lit. | 0.150 lit. |
| Pigs | 43458 | 13637.4 kg. | 0.30 kg. |
| Crossbred | 4710 | 1884 kg. | 0.40 kg. |
| Indigenous | 38748 | 8687 kg. | 0.25 kg. |
| Rabbits | |||
| Poultry | 221431 | 221431 kg. | 1.0 kg. |
| Hens | 208279 | 208279 kg. | 1.0 kg. |
| Desi | - | - | - |
| Ducks | 13152 | 13152 | 1.0 kg. |
| Fish | 744.23 ha | 161.00 Qt. | 0.216 q/ha |
| Marine | - | - | - |
| Inland | - | - | - |
| Prawn | - | - | - |
| Scampi | - | - | - |
Details of Operational Area / Villages (2014 - 15)
| S.N. | Taluk | Name of the Block | Name of the Village | Major Crops & Enterprises | Major Problem Identified | Identified Thrust Area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | - | Fakharpur | Datauli | Rice, Wheat, Mentha, Brinjal, Bittergourd, Tomato, Chilli, Pegion pea, Maize | Low productivity of Rice, Wheat, Brinjal, Bittergourd, Tomato, Pigeon pea
|
Seed Production : Rice, Wheat, Pigeon pea, Lentil Vegetable Production : Tomato, Chilli, Brinjal Aromatic Plant Production : Mentha Fruit Production : Banana |
| 2 | - | Tejwapur | Keertanpur | Wheat, Maize, Toria, Tomato, Brinjal, Chilli Garlic, Pegion pea, Banana | Low productivity of Wheat & Maize
Low yield of Toria due to old & local varieties, and no used sulphur. Low yield of pulses
|
Seed Production : Rice, Wheat, Maize, Toria & Pigeon Pea Vegetable Production : Tomato, Brinjal Spice Production : Chilli, Garlic Fruit Production : Banana etc. |
| 3 | - | Payagpur | Payagpur - Trikolia | Cereals : Rice, Wheat, Maize Cash Crop : Sugarcane Vegetables : Tomato, Brinjal Spices : Ginger, Turmeric Chilli |
Low productivity of cereals due to old and local varieties, Low productivity of vegetable & spices
|
Seed Production : Wheat - Rice & Sugarcane |
| 4 | - | Kaiserganj | Bhakhroli | Cereals : Wheat, Rice, Maize Pulses: Lentil and Pigeon Pea Vegetables : Tomato, Brinjal Oil Seeds : Toria Vegetables : Cowli Flower, Tomato, Brinjal Cash Crop : Sugarcane, Potato, Poultry, Bee keeping, Dairy, Fruit & Vegetable P reservation. |
Low productivity of cereals due to use of old and local varieties, Low productivity of pulses & oilseeds due to use of old and local varieties
Low productivity of poultry due to old breed.
Low productivity of Dairy due to indigenous breeds
Low productivity of vegetables:
Low productivity & Banana
|
Seed Production : Wheat - Rice & Sugarcane |
| 5 | - | Mihinpurwa | Bishunapur | Rice, Wheat | Low yield of Wheat
Low yield of Rice
|
Seed Production : Rice & Wheat Resource Conservation : Wheat IPM in Rice |
Priority / Thrust Areas
| S.N. | Thrust Area | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Seed Production Oil Seeds : Pulses : Cereals : Vegetables : |
Narendra Early Rai-4, Groundnut : Amber, kaushal and Til: T-78, sekhar Pigeon Pea : NA-1,2, Lentil: NL-1,2 Urdbean: NU-1,2, Green Gram: NM-1 Paddy:NDR-97, NDR-359, Maize: Hybrid shaktiman-2, DKC 9106, Decalb, Wheat:NDW-1012, 1014, PBW-343, K-307, PBW-550, Labh, Baj Okra, Chilli, Tomato, Cauliflower, Onion, Ginger, Turmeric, Garlic ,Bitter gourd etc. |
| 2 | Transfer of Technology |
|
| 3 | Animal Science | Trainings on - Fodder production, Balance feed preparation, Deworming vaccination etc. |
| 4 | Home Science | Health and hygiene, establishment of domestic viable production unit of fruit and vegetable preservation by value addition, garment design and local resource utilization making valuable product. |
History of Bahraich
The dense forests and fast flowing rivers are the specialities of district Bahraich. There are many Mythological facts about the great historical value of district Bahraich. It was famous as the Capital of God Brahma, the maker of universe. It was also known as part of Gandharva Forest. Even today North east area of several hundred square Kms of the district is covered by the forest. It is said that Brahma ji deveoloped this forest covered area as the place of worship for Rishis & Sadhus. Therefore this place come to known as " Brahmaich".
According to some other historians in the middle age this place was the capital of "Bhar" dynasty. Therefore it was called as "Bharraich". Which later come to be known as "Bahraich".
Famous Chinese visitors Hwaintsang & Feighyaan visted this place. The famous Arab visitor Ibne-ba-tuta visted Bahraich and wrote that Bahraich is a beautiful city situated at the bank of holy river Saryu.
According to Puraans King Luv, the son of God Ram & King Prasenjit ruled Bahraich. Also during the period of exile Pandavas & along with mother Kunti visited this place.
The guru of Maharaja Janak , Rishi Ashtwakra used to live here. Rishi Valmiki & Rishi Balark also used to live here.